Water Cellar
Many believe that in the 21st century, as the world population grows, water would be one of the most sought-after natural resources, somewhat like oil was in the 20th century. Here in the hilly regions of the loess plateau the scarcity of water is already putting a heavy burden on the people, degrading their living conditions. Villagers would have fetch water from low-lying gullies a long distance away. Picture on the right shows a farmer bringing water home in buckets on a donkey's back. In recent years, villagers started building water cellars along roadsides to collect rain water flowing down the roadways. Picture (below, left) shows a small water cellar situated by a dirt road. The location of its water intake is indicated by the red arrow. Water flows from the intake into a small trough covered with straw. The trough serves as a settling basin, and once the silty soil is settled out, water enters the cellar, which is covered by a stone lid. Villagers in the picture (below, right) proudly shows off their new water cellar by removing its lid. I checked the water in the cellar, and I found the water surprisingly clean, which was clear and containing very little suspended material. This was due to the fact that the soil had very little organic substances in it (which is why the soil is not productive). Water cellars come in different sizes. There are larger ones which are built in land depressions, as the one shown (below, left). The arrow points toward the intake trough. They are used to store water for spring irrigation when seedlings were desperately in need of water. Even larger ones are built along highways, as shown (below, right). People in arid regions are doing their best to conserve water.
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