Zijingguan Pass
Situated on the Zijingling Hill in Hebei province, Zijingguan Pass is a significant pass of the Great Wall. Zijingguan Pass is one of the oldest passes of the Great Wall. Named "Wuruanguan Pass" in the Earlier Qin Period, it was one of the Nine Forts Under Heaven. In the Song dynasty it was called Jinbeiguan Pass, and renamed as Zijingguan Pass after the Yuan dynasty because redbuds (called Zijing in Chinese) abounded nearby. It was cosmically reconstructed in the Ming dynasty and most extant architectures are the products of that period. Zijingguan Pass is 3 kilometers in circumference, consisting of 9 forts and 4 water gates. There are additional walls beyond the east, west and south walls while the north wall faces Juma River. The north gate and the north wall were all built of huge rocks, with high architectural skill scarcely seen on the similar architectures in China. Zijingguan Pass has a long history and is an important historical remain for the research of pass architecture of the Great Wall and ancient military science. Now this section of the Great Wall is open to visitors.
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